Europe’s Energy Problem Isn’t the Transition—It’s That Europe Never Finished It

By now, a familiar narrative has returned to Europe’s energy debate. The transition, we are told, went too far, too fast, and too blindly. Politicians chased climate headlines, imposed unrealistic targets, burdened households with costs, and pushed industry toward the exit. It is a compelling story. It is also the wrong one. Europe’s real mistake was not moving too quickly on clean energy. It was moving halfway. We invested in renewable generation, but underinvested in the grids, storage, flexibility, and electrification required to…