As momentum builds toward COP30, Rystad Energy has analyzed over 400 historical and updated NDCs to assess how well the global energy system aligns with the Paris Agreement goals. Most submissions focus on short-term decarbonization in power, energy, and transportation, setting clear targets for renewables and electric vehicle (EV) adoption, with alternative fuels and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) for hard-to-abate sectors. This year, signatory countries are submitting their commitments under NDC 3.0. While many targets seem more…