Solid cash flow allowed Shell (NYSE: SHEL) to keep the pace of its quarterly share buybacks and raise dividend despite posting weaker-than-expected earnings for the fourth quarter that were the lowest in more than four years. The UK-based supermajor on Thursday reported adjusted earnings of $3.256 billion for the fourth quarter, down from $3.661 billion for the same period of 2024, and a 40% slump compared to the third quarter of 2025. The Q4 earnings slightly missed the analyst estimates of about $3.5 billion, and were the lowest quarterly…